optimiert für kleine Schriftgrade |
||||
The
teacher cannot do without it! |
||||
|
||||
How
colours on horses do pass on to the offsprings? A horse has 64 chromosomes, on which, as like as it is in human beings, genes are located. They all exist twice, one by the father and one by the mother. The inheritance is dominant-recessive, so I write in the following sentences capitals for the dominant features and for recessive features I will use small letters. (Geneticists speak about alleles) The horses colour is the result of the interaction of 7 of that genes. In the following text, I will include only three of them, because the other 4 genes are responsible for the paint drawing or for the development of palominos. For our basic colours Gray, bay, chestnut and black it is enough to look at the following three genes: 1.
Gene G (gray): 2. Gene E: 3. Gene A (agouti=wildcoloured): |
||||
a a --->
wild colour factor ---> A _ ---> wild colour factor ---> E _ ---> Black factor ---> E E ---> Black factor ---> e e ---> Black factor absent ---> --------------------------------------- G g ---> Grey factor ---> G G ---> Grey factor ---> |
black, if bay, if bay, if bay, homocygous, if chestnut -------------------------- gray, heterocygous gray, homocygous |
E _ E _ A _ A _ AA or Aa or aa --------------------- |
||
So have........ chestnuts | A
a e e or A A e e or a a e e |
- throws all colours - throws no black - throws with black no bay |
||
black |
a a E e a a E E |
- throws also chestnuts, throws with black no bay - homocygous dark, throws with black only black |
||
bay | A
a E e or A A E e or A a E E or A A E E |
- throws all colours - throws no black - throws no chestnuts - throws no chestnuts and no black |
||
gray | _
_ _ _ G g _ _ _ _ G G |
- heterocygous gray, throws 50 % gray - homocygous gray, throws 100% gray |
||
nach Dr. Nebe in "Der Hannoveraner", um 1990 |
Die Farbformeln unserer Zuchtstuten bzw. der Väter unserer Pferde |
||||
PHorse | has the formula | you can conclude .... | ||
SPS Auguste heterocyg. bay |
A a E
e |
A must be, otherwise she would be black e must be, because she throws chestnuts Question: Is she able to throw black, then Aa? |
||
SPS Fabienne homocygous bay |
A a E E |
A must be, otherwise she would be black; a must
be, because she threw black; E must be, because she is bay, 2. E is here because of gene test, so she is homocygous bay, throws no chestnuts, also when crossed with chestnuts. |
||
SPS Watt Nuh |
A a e e
|
a must be, because she threw black | ||
SPS Shari homocygous black |
a a E E |
homocygous dark, because Sherlock
Holmes has EE and Fabienne has E E, additional gene test, throws allways black when crossed with black, throws no chestnuts |
||
SPS Floria tosca chestnut |
A a
e e or a a e e |
ee must be, because all chestnuts have this
part of formula a must be, because she threw black |
||
SPS Radunja heterocygous black |
a a E e |
aa must be, because all black have this part of
formula, e must be, because her dam is chestnut, E must be , otherwise she would be chestnut, throws with black 75 % black and 25 % chestnuts |
||
SPS Ananova Fuchs |
A a e e
|
a must be, because she threw black | ||
SPS Donnanova |
a a E e |
aa must be, because all black have this part of
formula, e must be, because her dam is chestnut, E must be , otherwise she would be chestnut, throws with black 75 % black and 25 % chestnuts |
||
SPS Richenza Rappe |
a a E E |
E must be, because she is black, if shewould have the second E, she is homocygous black |
||
Rosentau Black |
a a E e |
e must be, because he throws chestnuts | ||
Fabriano brown |
A a E e |
a and e must be, because he throws black and chestnuts | ||
Sherl. Holmes bay |
A a E E |
a must be, because he throws black; A must be,
otherwise he would be black; EE must be, because he throws no chestnuts. |
||
Augustinus xx brown |
A a E e |
a and e must be, because he throws black and chestnuts | ||
Glückspilz bay |
A A E E |
throws no chestnuts, throws no black delivers only bay, with gray self.evident also gray |
||
Graf Grannus homocygous black |
a a E E |
homocygous dark, throws with black allways black, throws no chestnuts |
||
Likoto xx blbr, homocyg. bay |
A a E E | a must be, because he throws black; A must be,
otherwise he would be black; EE must be, because he throws no chestnuts. |
||
Weltmeyer chestnut |
A a e e a a e e |
a must be, because he throws black; ee must be, because all chestnuts have this part of formula |
||
Weltruhm Black |
a a E e | e must be, because he throws chestnut and because one parent is chestnut | ||
Londonderry Chestnut |
A a e e a a e e |
a must be, because he throws black; ee must be, because all chestnuts have this part of formula |
||
Alabaster Chestnut |
A a e e a a e e |
a must be, because he throws black; ee must be, because all chestnuts have this part of formula |
||
Metternich blbr, homocyg. bay |
A a E E | a must be, because he throws black; A must be,
otherwise he would be black; EE must be, because he throws no chestnuts. |
||
Sir Donnerhall heterocyg. bay |
A a E e | A must be, otherwise he would be black a and e must be, because he throws black and chestnuts |